How is 'democracy' defined?

Democracy is defined as a system of government where citizens exercise power directly or through elected representatives. In this context, the correct answer emphasizes the role of citizens in influencing government decisions and participation in the political process. This characteristic is a fundamental aspect of democracy, as it allows for accountability and responsiveness to the needs and desires of the populace.

The concept of direct citizen engagement is central to democratic ideals, ensuring that the government reflects the will of the people. In contrast, other forms of government mentioned, such as hereditary leadership, involve power being passed through family lines, which is contrary to the principles of democratic participation. A government controlled by a single party restricts political pluralism and citizen choice, while a system based on religious authority limits governance to a specific belief system without providing equal representation for diverse views. Hence, the definition of democracy aligns closely with the idea of participatory governance, making it the correct choice.