What is an 'inference' in reading?

An inference in reading refers to a conclusion that is drawn from the evidence presented in the text combined with the reader's own reasoning and knowledge. This means that while the text provides specific details or clues, the reader must actively engage with the material, fill in gaps, and make connections to arrive at a deeper understanding or interpretation. Inferences require critical thinking and the ability to interpret information beyond what is explicitly stated, allowing the reader to understand themes, character motivations, or the overall message of the text. This skill is essential for comprehensive reading and enhances one's ability to think analytically about what they read.

Other options are not aligned with the true nature of inference. Conclusions drawn based solely on explicit statements do not involve the deeper reasoning process that characterizes inferences. Making guesses without supporting evidence lacks the analytical component that makes inferences valuable. Summarizing the text focuses on restating the main ideas rather than exploring deeper meanings or implications derived from the evidence.