Which two concepts prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

The correct response highlights the foundational principles of the U.S. government designed to ensure that no single branch can wield excessive power. Checks and balances refer to the mechanisms through which each branch of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—can monitor and limit the activities of the others. This system creates a dynamic relationship where power is distributed and responsibilities are shared, allowing one branch to restrain the actions of another, thus preventing abuse of power.

Separation of powers pertains to the distinct roles and responsibilities assigned to each branch of government. By dividing government functions among the branches, it ensures that legislative, executive, and judicial powers do not overlap excessively. This separation not only delineates the scope of each branch but also serves as an additional safeguard against tyranny, as each branch must operate within its constitutionally designated limits.

Together, checks and balances and separation of powers create a robust framework that maintains a balance within government, upholding democratic values and protecting individual rights.